Sa'i is an important ritual in Hajj and Umrah, where pilgrims walk or run seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwah, located within the Masjid al-Haram in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. This act commemorates the desperate search for water by Hajar (Hagar), the wife of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham), for her infant son Isma'il (Ishmael).

Background and Religious Significance

• According to Islamic tradition, Prophet Ibrahim, under divine command, left his wife Hajar and their son Isma'il in the barren desert of Mecca
• When their water ran out, Hajar anxiously searched for water to quench her child's thirst.
• She ran back and forth between the two hills seven times, hoping to find someone or a source of water.
• In response to her struggle, Allah caused the Zamzam well to spring forth near where Isma'il lay, providing a miraculous source of water.

How Pilgrims Perform Sa'i

• Pilgrims begin at Safa and proceed toward Marwah.
• They complete seven circuits in total
• Walking at a normal pace most of the way.
• Running briskly in a specific marked section known as Al-Mas'aa, symbolizing Hajar’s urgency.
• The journey ends at Marwah after the seventh lap.

Symbolism of Sa'i

• Faith and perseverance: It reflects trust in Allah, as Hajar did not give up despite hardships.
  
• Struggle and reward: It reminds pilgrims that sincere effort and reliance on Allah bring blessings, as seen in the appearance of Zamzam water.
  
• Unity: Millions of Muslims perform this act together, showing devotion and solidarity.

Modern Sa'i Experience

• Today, the path between Safa and Marwah is enclosed within the Grand Mosque.
• The walkway is well-lit, air-conditioned, and equipped with facilities for those with mobility challenges.
• Despite modernization, the spiritual essence remains unchanged.