1. Definition of Umrah
In terms of language, Umrah means pilgrimage. In Islamic terminology, Umrah means visiting the House of Allah (the Ka'bah) by performing tawaf, sa'i, and shaving the head, all in the hope of seeking Allah's pleasure.
2. Ruling on Umrah
According to Imam Shafi'i and Imam Hanbali, performing Umrah is obligatory once in a lifetime for those who are able. Meanwhile, according to Imam Hanafi and Imam Malik, performing Umrah is considered sunnah mu'akkadah (a highly recommended practice).
Umrah is divided into two types: obligatory Umrah and voluntary Umrah.
Obligatory Umrah
- The first Umrah performed by a Muslim is also called umratul Islam (the Umrah of Islam).
- An Umrah performed because of a vow (nadzar).
Voluntary Umrah
This is performed after the obligatory Umrah, whether it is the second or subsequent times, and it is not performed due to a vow.
3. Time for Performing Umrah
Umrah can be performed at any time, except for certain times when it is considered makruh (discouraged) for Hajj pilgrims to perform Umrah. These times include:
- When Hajj pilgrims are standing at Arafat on the day of Arafah,
- On the day of Nahr (10th of Dhul-Hijjah),
- And during the Tashriq days (11th, 12th, and 13th of Dhul-Hijjah).
4. Conditions, Pillars, and Obligations of Umrah
Conditions for Umrah:
- Islam (the person must be Muslim),
- Baligh (adult, having reached the age of maturity),
- Aqil (in sound mind),
- Free (not a slave),
- Istita'ah (able, both physically and financially).
If these conditions are not met, the obligation of performing Umrah is not incumbent on the person.
Pillars of Umrah:
- Ihram (intention),
- Tawaf (circumambulation),
- Sa'i (walking between Safa and Marwah),
- Shaving (or cutting the hair),
- Tartib (performing the Umrah pillars in the correct order: Ihram, Tawaf, Sa'i, then shaving).
The pillars of Umrah cannot be omitted. If any pillar is missed, the Umrah is not valid.
Obligations of Umrah:
- The obligation of Umrah is to enter into Ihram from the designated miqat (boundary point). If this obligation is neglected, the Umrah remains valid, but the person must pay dam (penalty).
5. Miqat Makani (Location for Ihram)
The miqat makani for Umrah for Indonesian Hajj pilgrims depends on which wave they are in.
- Wave I pilgrims arriving in Medina will take their miqat at Bir Ali (Zulhulaifah).
- Wave II pilgrims may take their miqat:
- At the Hajj embarkation camp, or
- In the airplane when flying over or near Yalamlam/Qarn al-Manazil, or at King Abdul Aziz International Airport (KAIA) in Jeddah.
- Pilgrims already in Makkah may take their miqat at Ji'ranah, Tan'im, Hudaibiyah, or any other halal area.
6. Tahallul after Umrah
Tahallul refers to the state of a person after completing all the pillars of Umrah, after which it becomes halal (permissible) for them to do things that were previously forbidden while in the state of ihram during Umrah.
1. Definition of Umrah
In terms of language, Umrah means pilgrimage. In Islamic terminology, Umrah means visiting the House of Allah (the Ka'bah) by performing tawaf, sa'i, and shaving the head, all in the hope of seeking Allah's pleasure.
2. Ruling on Umrah
According to Imam Shafi'i and Imam Hanbali, performing Umrah is obligatory once in a lifetime for those who are able. Meanwhile, according to Imam Hanafi and Imam Malik, performing Umrah is considered sunnah mu'akkadah (a highly recommended practice).
Umrah is divided into two types: obligatory Umrah and voluntary Umrah.
Obligatory Umrah
- The first Umrah performed by a Muslim is also called umratul Islam (the Umrah of Islam).
- An Umrah performed because of a vow (nadzar).
Voluntary Umrah
This is performed after the obligatory Umrah, whether it is the second or subsequent times, and it is not performed due to a vow.
3. Time for Performing Umrah
Umrah can be performed at any time, except for certain times when it is considered makruh (discouraged) for Hajj pilgrims to perform Umrah. These times include:
- When Hajj pilgrims are standing at Arafat on the day of Arafah,
- On the day of Nahr (10th of Dhul-Hijjah),
- And during the Tashriq days (11th, 12th, and 13th of Dhul-Hijjah).
4. Conditions, Pillars, and Obligations of Umrah
Conditions for Umrah:
- Islam (the person must be Muslim),
- Baligh (adult, having reached the age of maturity),
- Aqil (in sound mind),
- Free (not a slave),
- Istita'ah (able, both physically and financially).
If these conditions are not met, the obligation of performing Umrah is not incumbent on the person.
Pillars of Umrah:
- Ihram (intention),
- Tawaf (circumambulation),
- Sa'i (walking between Safa and Marwah),
- Shaving (or cutting the hair),
- Tartib (performing the Umrah pillars in the correct order: Ihram, Tawaf, Sa'i, then shaving).
The pillars of Umrah cannot be omitted. If any pillar is missed, the Umrah is not valid.
Obligations of Umrah:
- The obligation of Umrah is to enter into Ihram from the designated miqat (boundary point). If this obligation is neglected, the Umrah remains valid, but the person must pay dam (penalty).
5. Miqat Makani (Location for Ihram)
The miqat makani for Umrah for Indonesian Hajj pilgrims depends on which wave they are in.
- Wave I pilgrims arriving in Medina will take their miqat at Bir Ali (Zulhulaifah).
- Wave II pilgrims may take their miqat:
- At the Hajj embarkation camp, or
- In the airplane when flying over or near Yalamlam/Qarn al-Manazil, or at King Abdul Aziz International Airport (KAIA) in Jeddah.
- Pilgrims already in Makkah may take their miqat at Ji'ranah, Tan'im, Hudaibiyah, or any other halal area.
6. Tahallul after Umrah
Tahallul refers to the state of a person after completing all the pillars of Umrah, after which it becomes halal (permissible) for them to do things that were previously forbidden while in the state of ihram during Umrah.